Insider Threat Management in Federal Workplaces: A Review of Technical and Policy Framework

Abstract

Insider threats remain one of the most persistent and damaging risks to national security, particularly in federal workplaces where access to sensitive information and critical systems is routine. These threats encompass both malicious insiders who intentionally exfiltrate data or sabotage operations, and unintentional actors whose negligence or error compromises security. Despite significant advancements in cybersecurity, insider incidents remain under-researched and under-mitigated, primarily due to the complexity of human behavior, organizational dynamics, and technological vulnerabilities. This article proposes a comprehensive framework for insider threat management that integrates advanced technical monitoring systems, artificial intelligence (AI)-driven analytics, and robust policy measures to safeguard federal workplaces. By combining lessons learned from high-profile incidents, current policy landscapes, and technological innovation, this framework offers a blueprint for federal agencies seeking to balance security, privacy, and operational efficiency.